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My responses to your questions
Apologies for not getting back to some of your questions sooner.   A few things tied me up here over the last week or so, but it is now back to business.

Hard to figure out exactly where to start.   OK, I guess first one would be that I’d love to get into some political discussions, but as use to be said during the Revolution “I’ll keep my powder dry.”   One of the pleasures of working with Newt is that this historian gets an “insiders” look at the political process.  The triumphs, and sadly at times the disappointments.   I’ll leave the political stuff to Newt to reply to for right now.

As to the historical accuracy within our novels, that indeed is a good point to raise.   Yes, there were some mistakes in terms of typos  (if you compare first edition hardback of Pearl Harbor to the trade paperback you’ll see that those have been cleaned up, especially the issue about dates.)    One of the tougher aspects of researching the events leading up to Pearl Harbor is the numerous conflicting views, reports, opinions, and data.  I came across one rather well respected source that cites the “Enterprise” coming into harbor on the evening of December 7th, when in fact it was not until 24 hours later.    Regarding armaments on aircraft, performance characteristics, weapons performances, that really proved to be tough.   A “safety” fall back position for myself is that our military, in 1941, was still a rather hodgepodge affair, scrambling to build up for the crisis to come, while at the same time, as fast as our factories were turning out modern weaponry, much of it was being shipped to our future allies who were barely holding on.   Thus there was a lot of “improv” in the field, if the part fit, if it worked, use it.     So at times Newt or I would look at data regarding a ship, a plane, a facility, and different sources would describe it differently.    If we did make mistakes, our apologies.   

One point I will hold the line on is the conspiracy theories about who knew what when.    For me it is impossible to conceive that FDR had confirmed knowledge that an attack would hit Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and not have acted.   There was indeed general knowledge that at some point between mid November to late December, 1941, the Japanese would attack the British, Dutch, and most likely our holdings in the Philippines, but Pearl was a bolt out of the blue.    One must look, as well, at the “business as usual in peacetime” syndrome of any bureaucracy.   Dare I mention September 10, 2001  (not the 11th, the 10th).     The signals were all there, to be easily interpreted after that tragic day, but getting the information into a coherent picture and reacting prior to that horrid morning, be it September 11th or December 7th, is another story.    Recall that our military did go on full alert, with a war warning, a weekend earlier than December 7th. . . and nothing happened.    So the bureaucratic, peacetime attitude settled in of just how many times can we call on our men to go to full alert, on a weekend?     Somewhat the same on September 10, 2001.

The specifics of the carriers especially Enterprise.   It actually was slated to arrive in Pearl Harbor and tie off at 7 AM, December 7, 1941,  presenting us with the nightmare scenario of Halsey and his two thousand gallant men disembarking just as the first Japanese dive bombers came winging in.    The ship’s logs prove without doubt it was weather, and its impact on refueling the destroyers the day before, that slowed the task group returning from Wake Island.   Perhaps we could call it our own “Divine Wind” that saved “Enterprise” that day.   No conspiracy, just a thirty knot blow.

Frankly I’d love to get in direct touch, but sadly must hesitate with posting my personal email address on this site in reply.   If I do so, you computer savvy types know I might suddenly get flooded with ten thousand spams suggesting various herbal formulas that will, hmmmm, make my life more interesting, the usual letters from princes in Nigeria needing to move ten million bucks etc.

I hope that covers most of the questions and in the future I’ll try to respond more directly to each note.   The last weeks with end of the school year for my daughter, a friend with emergency surgery and don’t ask me about the torture session with my dentist. . .I accused him of being trained by the Gestapo afterwards!   But actually he’s a great guy, just that I ran an allergic reaction, and other stuff, including take some flight exams, tied me up.  

Most sincerely,

Bill Forstchen 


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Comments
By Anonymous @ Friday, December 05, 2008 7:23 AM
Dear Mr. Gingrich,

I would like to comment about some details in your magnificent second book of the Pearl Harbour series

1. Turret traversing speed of IJN Battleship Hiei

normal speed was 5.6°/s or roughly 33 seconds for a 180° turn to the unengaged site, so 2 min as described seems to long

2. Aircraft complement of CV Enterprise

Her aircraft complement at the 7th of December was:

14 F4F 3A in Fighting 6
37 SBD in Bombing 6 and Scouting 6
18 TBD in Torpedo 6

for a total of 69 aircraft, 18 of the SBD (1 CAG, 13 Scouting 6 and 4 Bombing 6) had already left her before the action takes place, so she had left only 51 Aircraft

3. Aircraft complement of CV Lexington

Her aircraft complement at the 7th of December was:

17 F2 A3 in Fighting 2
32 SBD in Bombing 2 (18) and Scouting 2 (14)
15 TBD in Torpedo 2

for a total of 64 aircraft, 18 more SB 2 U3 Vindicator were shipped as deckload

4. Aircraft complement of Kido Butai

They had 414 Aircraft on the 6 CV, 135 Fighters, 135 Divebombers and 144 Torpedobombers

OTL they lost 9 Fighters, 15 Divebombers and 5 Torpedobombers, you summed this up to 86 planes total lost and damaged beyond repair. So Yamamoto had 328 aircraft available at the 8th of December. Even after the strike losses against Enterprise and Lexington, he could (and would?) send at least one more full strike against the remnants of Lexingtons Task Force, which are bussy sinking CA Tone (with long range daylight gunnery? how??) and rescuing survivors. Surly the results of such a strike would be more than one Destroyer?

Comments:

Enterprise was very lucky in surviving the described damage, especially with her well trained but otherwise green crew.

What is hart to believe is, that the 17 outdated F2 Buffalo's not only successfully support there own attack group against Akagi, but also downed some 30 Planes of the combined IJN attacking force?


Best Regards

Thomas



By Anonymous @ Tuesday, June 24, 2008 8:17 AM
I find it amazing people will identify small historical inaccuracies (wrong planes, inappropriate behavior), but completely gloss over the more glaring historical inaccuracies of the books.

Yamamoto didn't have the authority to relieve Nagumo and lead the Kido Butai.

There was more to Yamamoto's threat of resignation that allowed the six carriers to deploy. In November 1941, the Japanese successfully tested modified Zeros that could fly from Formosa to Luzon, escorting the bombers. There was no need for the two carriers to support the initial efforts against MacArthur.

The carriers had more actions to take besides attacking the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor (anyone who's read either the Nagumo's order for the attack or Genda's assessment would know the Pacific Fleet was the target, whether anchored at Pearl Harbor or Lahaina Roads.) En route the Southwest Pacific, two carriers were detached to support efforts to capture Wake Island. Two destroyers escorting the Kido Butai were detached to shell Midway (the former was ad hoc; the latter was always part of the strategic plan.)

Why did they keep such characters as Halsey, Kimmel, Nimitz and the like, but delete such people as Rochefort and Layton? How can they get one of the hero's of Midway name so wrong (Wade McCloskey v. Clarence Wade McClusky)?

The depiction of the Japanese high command is way too orderly and completely mirror imaged based on what the US military is like. There were actually several different factions both in the IJA and IJN that could completely 'gum up the works.'

There is an utter misunderstanding of the effect of the Washington Treaty on the IJN. Not everyone was so easily offended by the "slight" from the 5-5-3. Some officers believed they had limited--and they had--the production of US ships. The IJN compensated with tactics and technology. Anyone remember the Long Lance? The Japanese capabilities for night fights?

Even after the president's speech before Congress, they have him wondering if Wake would be attacked. If anyone reads the president's speech, he mentions Wake in it.

We are so focused on ourselves as a country, we think the entire strategy of Dec 1941 to May 1942 revolved around us. It didn't. The first shots of the Pacific War were not fired by the USS Ward, but by the Imperial Japanese Navy shelling British defenses at Kota Bharu.

So many people try to devine lessons about intelligence and war from Pearl Harbor but spend so little time actually researching the history and continue to perpetuate the myths.

By Anonymous @ Monday, June 23, 2008 5:52 PM
Hello:

I just finished reading "Days of Infamy" and enjoyed it but noticed
there is one big historical inaccuracy. In the book, Mr. Gingrich has
the fighter squadron assigned to the USS Lexington (VF-2) at the time of
Pearl Harbor flying Grumman F4F Wildcats. In fact VF-2 was still flying
the Brewster F2A-3 Buffalo into early 1942. In fact, Gordon Firebaugh,
a pilot with VF-2 and retired navy captain spoke about flying the
Buffalo in January 1942 in a recent interview. If you look at the
picture of the Lexington used on the book cover, you can identify the
fighters spotted forward are F2A Buffalos. (The picture was taken in
October 1941). Being a teacher of World History with the Gwinnett
County Schools and naval historian, I wanted to bring this to Mr.
Gingrich's attention.


Mike Wolfe
teacher of World History

By Anonymous @ Friday, June 20, 2008 11:04 PM
Saw you and Newt on C span--went out and purchased all of yawl's books!!!What is your next venture?

By Anonymous @ Friday, June 20, 2008 11:04 PM
Saw you and Newt on C span--went out and purchased all of yawl's books!!!What is your next venture?

By Anonymous @ Tuesday, June 17, 2008 1:02 PM
Please disregard my previous post. I am an idiot. I just started "Days of Infamy" and realize that you are continuing the premise of alternate history. Your storyline allows Admiral Kimmel to maintain his dignity in the aftermath of Pearl Harbor.

By Anonymous @ Monday, June 16, 2008 2:28 AM
I read an earlier question regarding the death of Admiral Kimmel in "Pearl Harbor". I understand the Civil War series presented alternate scenarios. However, "Pearl Harbor" wasn't presented in the same manner. What is the reasoning behind having Admiral Kimmel die during the third wave of the attack on Pearl Harbor?

By Anonymous @ Sunday, June 15, 2008 12:15 PM
As a fellow from across the pond i only know the general form that the pacific war took as most books and programs quite rightly deal with the battle for europe and the atlantic, but im curious to know how the authors are planning to deal with McCarthurs bataan and corregidor battles against the japanese advance through the pacific, do they feel tempted to fiddle with the way that campaign went? ie changed outcome like McCarthur being captured or killed for instance?
As for the dates issue i believe that they have done the best they can with the obviously contradicting reports of that 48hour period. And as a brit are there any plans to move Royal Navy reinforcements to the pacific in the next installment??

By Anonymous @ Friday, June 13, 2008 3:09 PM
I hope all the waves in your life break soon, allowing for smooth sailing with fair winds and following seas.

I completely understand your hesitation regarding direct correspondence, so I will make the effort to discuss the history of the Pacific War series here.

Problems regarding the history arose when you began discussing the Imperial Japanese Navy as monolithic in its command structure. Whether you read Evans and Peattie's KAIGUN or the Center for Military History's THE MACARTHUR PAPERS, you'll see it was one of the most complex organizations, overly complex.

This describes the IJN as a whole. Many senior officers actually liked the Washington Treaty; these officers knew they could never keep up with American industrialism (as history proved quite accurately and explicitly.) By limiting American production, the IJN would be able to fairly compete with better technology, tactics and training.

I understand identifying fictional characters, but the loss of Joe Rochefort or Eddie Layton was disappointing. Both of these gentlemen did a great deal to help with building (Layton identifies he filled a gapped billet as Intel Officer when he arrived to Pacific Fleet command under Admiral Richardson) an incredible intelligence organization.

The decision to travel southward vice northward by Imperial Japan was a budgetary fight between the IJA and IJN; the fights favored one or the other. With the China debacle, the southward expansion began to look like the way to go. Deviating decades of practice, the Japanese decided to conduct all their assaults at once. Three options were discussed: (1) Clockwise conquest, starting with the Philippines, through the NEI and then Singapore/Malaya; (2) Counterclockwise, starting with Malaya, Singapore, through the NEI and then the Philippines, and; (3) Straight down, taking Malaya/Singapore and the Philippines, followed by the NEI. They chose the latter.

Much of why there are time discrepancies in the attacks in those first twenty-four hours of war are based on the limited navigation capability of aircraft. Flying at night by dead reckoning, with limited ability to see an island on the horizon could have allowed for lost aircraft. Yet, the IJN was striking Kota Bharu before the first bomb fell at Ford Island in Pearl Harbor.

Yamamoto did not have the authority to relieve Nagumo and lead the Kido Butai to Hawaii.

The Kido Butai had follow-on missions after their attack, including destroyers shelling Midway the same day and carrier strikes in the Southwest Pacific. They couldn't just hang around Hawaii.

I will limit my discussions. Sorry. My masters deals with the opening of the Pacific War.

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